Whether something is magnetic or not depends on the alignment of magnetic moments inside the material. If the magnetic moments (think of them as arrows) are mostly aligned in one direction, the material is a permanent magnet. Magnets always have two poles, usually labelled north (N) and south (S). If you hold two S poles or two N poles together, the magnets will repel, and if you hold an S pole and an N pole together, they will attract. This is independent of the magnet's geometry.

The Magnetic field lines for rod-shaped and spherical magnets will look roughly like in the drawing below.

Being round, the spherical magnet will easily orient itself so that its S pole attaches to the N pole of another spherical magnet. You can have lots of fun with spherical magnets yourself if you buy one of the many commercial neodymium magnet beads, see e.g. neodymium magnetic balls 5mm.

By the way, permanent magnets are made by placing Ferromagnetic materials inside a furnace and heating them up to enable the magnetic moments to turn, and applying a strong external magnetic field in a specific direction. When rapidly cooled to room temperature, the magnetic field will be "locked" inside the material.

It depends on the arrangement of electron spin within the magnet... Think of any macroscopic magnet as composed of many "minimagnets".

Spherical magnets are basically iron balls that have been placed in a linear magnetic field to align the minimagnets as shown in this quickly drawn image:

Indeed then, the field is not the same all over the sphere. The sphere has both a north and south pole, even though the material that composes it is homogeneous. The magnetic field around the sphere will look like :

So: whether spherical attract or repel each depends on the orientation you holding them with.

Now think about it: could you produce spheres with other arrangements of minimagnets? Remember that the minimagnets also repel/attract one another. The configuration shown above is stable, since every minimagnet are attracted from above and below. One could imagine all the minimagnets point towards the center, effectively creating a monopole magnet, but as you can imagine, this would destabilize since all the minimagnets would repel each in the middle...

Hope it makes sense.